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§ 3-300. Constitutions and Statutes

§ 3-310. Constitutions

Illustration

U.S. Const. amend. XIV, § 1.

For short form examples see § 6-530.

Additional Examples

U.S. Const. art. III, § 2, cl. 2.

U.S. Const. amend. XIII, § 2.

N.Y. Const. art. I, § 9, cl. 2.

§ 3-320. Statute Citations – Most Common Form

Illustrations

15 U.S.C. § 1414 (2000).

Iowa Code § 259A.5 (2007).

For short form examples see § 6-530.

Additional Examples

Federal Statute Citations | State Statute Citations

Federal Statute Citations:

42 U.S.C. § 405(a) (2000).

42 U.S.C.A. § 405(a) (Thomson/West Supp. 2006).

42 U.S.C.S. § 405(a) (LexisNexis 1998).

42 U.S.C.S. § 405(a) (LexisNexis 2007 through Pub. L. No. 110-26).

42 U.S.C.A. § 405(a) (Westlaw 2007 through Pub. L. No. 110-26).

State Statute Citations

In states where a citation variant appears against a different background, there is a distinct statute citation format used within the jurisdiction by state courts and those submitting memoranda or briefs to them.

Alabama Illinois Montana Rhode Island
Alaska Indiana Nebraska South Carolina
Arizona Iowa Nevada South Dakota
Arkansas Kansas New Hampshire Tennessee
California Kentucky New Jersey Texas
Colorado Louisiana New Mexico Utah
Connecticut Maine New York Vermont
Delaware Maryland North Carolina Virginia
District of Columbia Massachusetts North Dakota Washington
Florida Michigan Ohio West Virginia
Georgia Minnesota Oklahoma Wisconsin
Hawaii Mississippi Oregon Wyoming
Idaho Missouri Pennsylvania  

 

Alabama

Ala. Code § 7-1-101 ({currency information}).*

Ala. Code § 7-1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (Thomson/West in this case). The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case.

Alaska

Alaska Stat. § 45.01.101 ({currency information}).*

AS 45.01.101.**


* The ALWD Citation Manual identifies the publisher even when its version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case); The Bluebook does not. The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case.

** Within Alaska, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Alaska Stat. § 01.05.011 (2007).

Arizona

Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 47-1101 ({currency information}).

Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 47-1101 ({currency information}).*

Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 47-1101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

A.R.S. § 47-1101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the third example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (Thomson/West in this case - the second example). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Arizona, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 1-101 (2007).

Arkansas

Ark. Code § 4-1-101 ({currency information}).

Ark. Code Ann. § 4-1-101 ({currency information}).*

Ark. Code Ann. § 4-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

A.C.A. § 4-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the third example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case - the second example). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Arkansas this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Ark. Code § 1-2-113(c) (2005).

California

Cal. Com. Code § 1101 ({currency information}).

Cal. Com. Code § 1101 (Deering {currency information}).*

Cal. Com. Code § 1101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

Commercial Code § 1101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Deering (now owned by LexisNexis) in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Where this example has the abbreviation for "Commercial" citations to California's other subject matter codes should substitute their abbreviations - e.g., "Civ." for "Civil" or "Prob." for "Probate."

** Within California, this statutory citation format, dropping the state abbreviation, but spelling out the name of the cited code in full, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Colorado

Colo. Rev. Stat. § 4-1-101 ({currency information}).

Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 4-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

§ 1-101, 4 C.R.S. ({currency information}).**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the third example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Colorado, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Connecticut

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42a-1-101 ({currency information}).

Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 42a-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

General Statutes § 42a-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Connecticut, this statutory citation format, dropping the state abbreviation, but spelling out the name of the code in full, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Delaware

Del. Code tit. 6, § 1-101 ({currency information}).*

Del. Code Ann. tit. 6, § 1-101 ({currency information}).*

6 Del. C. § 1-101.**


* The ALWD Citation Manual identifies the publisher even when its version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case); The Bluebook does not. Both call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Delaware this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Del. Code Ann. tit. 1, 101(b) (2007).

District of Columbia

D.C. Code § 28:1-101 ({currency information}).*

D.C. Code Ann. § 28:1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (Thomson/West in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Florida

Fla. Stat. § 671.1-101 ({currency information}).

Fla. Stat. Ann. § 671.1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Fla. Stat. Ann. § 671.1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

§ 671.1-101, Fla. Stat. ({currency information}).**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Florida, this altered citation order is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them.

Georgia

Ga. Code Ann. § 11-1-101 ({currency information}).*

Ga. Code Ann. § 11-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

O.C.G.A. § 11-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Georgia, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Ga. Code Ann. § 1-1-8(e) (2007).

Hawaii

Haw. Rev. Stat. § 490:1-101 ({currency information}).

Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 490:1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

HRS § 490:1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Hawaii, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, typically after a first statutory reference using a less abbreviated form.

Idaho

Idaho Code Ann. § 28-1-101 ({currency information}).*

I.C. § 28-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Idaho, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Illinois

810 Ill. Comp. Stat. § 5/1-101 ({currency information}).

810 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. § 5/1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

810 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. § 5/1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

810 ILCS 5/1-101 ({currency information}).**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Illinois, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Indiana

Ind. Code § 26-1-1-101 ({currency information}).

Ind. Code Ann. § 26-1-1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Ind. Code Ann. § 26-1-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Iowa

Iowa Code § 554.1101 ({currency information}).

Iowa Code Ann. § 554.1101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Kansas

Kan. Stat. Ann. § 84-1-101 ({currency information}).

Kan. Stat. Ann. § 84-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

K.S.A. § 84-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Kansas, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Kentucky

Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 355.1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 355.1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

KRS § 355.1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the first example, Thomson/West in the second. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Kentucky, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Louisiana

La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 10:1-101 ({currency information}).*

La. Code Civ. Proc. Ann. § 10:1-101 ({currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Where this example has the abbreviation for "Code of Civil Procedure" citations to Lousiana's other subject matter codes should substitute their abbreviations - e.g., "Civ. Code" for "Civil Code" or "Code Crim. Proc." for "Code of Criminal Procedure."

Maine

Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. tit. 11, § 1-101 ({currency information}).*

11 M.R.S.A. §1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Maine, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Maryland

Md. Code, Com. Law § 1-101 ({currency information}).

Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

Md. Code ({currency information}), Commercial Law Art., § 1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Where this example has the abbreviation for "Commercial Law" citations to Maryland's other subject matter divisions should substitute their abbreviations - e.g., "Crim. Law" for "Criminal Law" or "Ins." for "Insurance."

** Within Maryland, this altered citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them.

Massachusetts

Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 106, § 1-101 ({currency information}).

Mass. Ann. Laws ch. 106, § 1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 106, § 1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

G. L. c. 106, § 1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Massachusetts, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Michigan

Mich. Comp. Laws § 440.1101 ({currency information}).

Mich. Stat. Ann. § 19.1101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Mich. Comp. Laws Ann. § 440.1101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

MCL 440.1101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Michigan, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Minnesota

Minn. Stat. § 336.1-101 ({currency information}).

Minn. Stat. Ann. § 336.1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Mississippi

Miss. Code Ann. § 75-4-101 ({currency information}).*

Miss. Code Ann. § 75-4-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated. The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Missouri

Mo. Rev. Stat. § 400.1-101 ({currency information}).

Mo. Ann. Stat. § 400.1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

§ 400.1-101, RSMo {currency information}.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Missouri this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Montana

Mont. Code Ann. § 30-2A-101 ({currency information}).*

§ 30-2A-101, MCA.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Montana, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Nebraska

Neb. Rev. Stat. § 2-101 ({currency information}).

Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 2-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Nevada

Nev. Rev. Stat. § 104.1101 ({currency information}).

Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 104.1101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 104.1101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

NRS 104.1101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Nevada, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to. See Nev. Rev. Stat. § 220.170(4) (2005).

New Hampshire

N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 382-A: 1-101 ({currency information}).*

N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 382-A: 1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

RSA 382-A: 1-101 ({currency information}).**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (Thomson/West in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within New Hampshire this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

New Jersey

N.J. Rev. Stat. § 12A:1-101 ({currency information}).

N.J. Stat. Ann. § 12A:1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

N.J.S.A. 12A:1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within New Jersey, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

New Mexico

N.M. Stat. § 55-1-101 ({currency information}).

N.M. Stat. Ann. § 55-1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

N.M. Stat. Ann. § 55-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

NMSA 1978, § 55-1-101 ({currency information}).**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within New Mexico, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

New York

N.Y. U.C.C. Law § 1-101 (Consol. {currency information}).*

N.Y. U.C.C. Law § 1-101 (Gould {currency information}).*

N.Y. U.C.C. Law § 1-101 (McKinney {currency information}).*

U.C.C. Law § 1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - the LexisNexis Consolidated Law Service in the first example, Gould in the second, Thomson/West's McKinney brand in the third. The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher or brand in any case.

Where this example has the abbreviation for "Uniform Commercial Code" citations to New York's other subject matter divisions should substitute their abbreviations - e.g., "Dom. Rel." for "Domestic Relations" or "Ins." for "Insurance."

** Within New York this statutory citation format, dropping the state abbreviation to leave only the name of the cited code, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

North Carolina

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 25-1-101 ({currency information}).

N.C. Gen. Stat. Ann. § 25-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

N.C.G.S. § 25-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state – Thomson/West in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within North Carolina, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

North Dakota

N.D. Cent. Code § 41-01-01 ({currency information}).

N.D.C.C. § 41-01-01.*


* Within North Dakota this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Ohio

Ohio Rev. Code § 1301.01 ({currency information}).*

Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 1301.01 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 1301.01 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

R.C. 1301.01.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Ohio, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Oklahoma

Okla. Stat. tit. 12A, § 1-101 ({currency information}).

Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 12A, § 1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

12A O.S. § 1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Oklahoma, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Oregon

Or. Rev. Stat. § 71.1010 ({currency information}).

Or. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 71.1010 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

ORS 71.1010.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Oregon, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Pennsylvania

13 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 1101 ({currency information}).

13 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 1101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

13 Pa.C.S. § 1101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Pennsylvania, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Rhode Island

R.I. Gen. Laws § 6-1-1 ({currency information}).

G.L. 1956 § 6-1-1.*


* Within Rhode Island, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

South Carolina

S.C. Code Ann. § 36-1-101 ({currency information}).*

S.C. Code Ann. § 36-1-101.*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within South Carolina, this citation format, omitting currency information, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them.

South Dakota

S.D. Codified Laws § 57A-1-101 ({currency information}).

SDCL 57A-1-101.*


* Within South Dakota, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Tennessee

Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-1-101 ({currency information}).*

Tenn. Code Ann. § 47-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Texas

Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 1.101 ({currency information}).

Tex. Bus. & Com. Code Ann. § 1.101 (Vernon {currency information}).*

TEX. BUS. & COM. CODE § 1.101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West's Vernon brand in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Where this example has the abbreviation for "Business and Commerce" citations to Texas's other subject matter divisions should substitute their abbreviations - e.g., "Educ." for "Education" or "Ins." for "Insurance."

** Within Texas, this slightly altered citation format, without currency information, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them.

Utah

Utah Code § 70A 1-101 ({currency information}).

Utah Code Ann. § 70A 1-101 ({currency information}).*

Utah Code Ann. § 70A 1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the third example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Vermont

Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 9A, § 1-101 ({currency information}).*

9A V.S.A. § 1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Vermont, this more economical statutory citation format, without currency information, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Virginia

Va. Code Ann. § 8.1-101 ({currency information}).*

Va. Code Ann. § 8.1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

Code § 8.1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. In jurisdictions where there are multiple print editions, the ALWD Citation Manual identifies all publishers even the one whose version is "official" being produced under contract with the state (LexisNexis in this case). Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Virginia, this more economical statutory citation format, with no explicit indication of jurisdiction and no currency information, is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

Washington

Wash. Rev. Code § 62A 2-101 ({currency information}).

Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 62A 2-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 62A.2-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

RCW 62A 2-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within Washington, this more economical statutory citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them, under circumstances where there is little ambiguity about which jurisdiction's statutes are referred to.

West Virginia

W. Va. Code § 46-1-101 ({currency information}).

W. Va. Code Ann. § 46-1-101 (LexisNexis {currency information}).*

W. Va. Code Ann. § 46-1-101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*

W.Va.Code, 46-1-101.**


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - LexisNexis in the second example, Thomson/West in the third. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

** Within West Virginia this slightly altered citation format is used in decisions of the state's own courts and submissions to them.

Wisconsin

Wis. Stat. § 402.101 ({currency information}).

Wis. Stat. Ann. § 402.101 (Thomson/West {currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for identification of the publisher or brand of any commercial compilation used, not prepared under direct supervision of the state - Thomson/West in the second example. Both also call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not include the publisher in any case nor would it indicate whether the version used was annotated.

Wyoming

Wyo. Stat. § 34.1-1-101 ({currency information}).

Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 34.1-1-101 ({currency information}).*


* Both The Bluebook and ALWD Citation Manual call for adding the designation "Ann." when the compilation's name includes the word "annotated." The AALL Universal Citation Guide would not indicate whether the version used was annotated.

 

§ 3-340. Statute Citations – Variants and Special Cases

§ 3-341. Session Laws

Illustrations

House Page Board Revision Act of 2007, Pub. L. No. 110-2, 121 Stat. 4.

Health Risk Limits for Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate, 2007 Minn. Laws ch. 37, http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?type=law&year=2007&sn=0&num=37.

§ 3-342. Bills

Illustration

H.R. 3957, 101st Cong., 2d Sess. §2 (1990).

§ 3-343. Named Statutes, Original Section Numbers

Illustration

Social Security Act § 223(d), 42 U.S.C. § 423(d) (2000).

§ 3-344. Internal Revenue Code

Illustration

I.R.C. § 21.

§ 3-345. Uniform Acts and Model Codes

Illustrations

U.C.C. § 2-202 (1977).

Unif. Probate Code § 2-107 (amended 1990), 8(I) U.L.A. 87 (1998).

Model Bus. Corp. Act § 10.01 (2002).

§ 3-350. Local Ordinance Citations

Illustration

Cincinnati, Ohio, Municipal Code art. III, § 2 (2007).

§ 3-360. Treaty Citations

Illustration

North American Free Trade Agreement, U.S.-Can.-Mex., art. 705(3), Dec. 17, 1992, 32 I.L.M. 289 (1993).

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