A liberty interest is an individual’s right to do anything, or not do anything, as one pleases. An individual’s liberty interest comes from the due process clauses of the state and federal constitutions. Laws may restrict an individual’s...
constitutional law
line-item veto
A line-item veto is a type of veto power that allows the executive to cancel specific parts of a bill (usually spending provisions) while signing into law the rest of the bill. While states give their governors a line-item veto, the Supreme...
Lochner era
The Lochner Era refers to a period of history in the United States characterized by strong judicial protections for economic liberties, especially freedom of contract. The period takes its name from a landmark case, Lochner v. New York, 198...
maintenance of membership
Maintenance of membership agreements are a type of union security agreement in which employees that are union members at the signing of a collective bargaining agreement (CBA) must remain union members until they are no longer part of the...
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Marbury v. Madison (1803) was the U.S. Supreme Court case that established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review. (Read the opinion here).
After President John Adams lost the 1800 election, but before he left office,...
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) is the U.S. Supreme Court case that defined the scope of the federal legislative power and the federal government’s relationship with state governmental authority.
The United States Congress...
military
Military refers generally to the armed forces of any state, government, or sovereign entity. The Constitution grants to Congress the power to raise and support armies and a navy, to suppress insurrections, and repel invasion among other...
military law
Generally, in the United States, military law is a body of law that oversees the members of the armed forces. Essentially, the usage of military law on the members of the armed forces was a recognition that military individuals are subjected...
minimum contacts
Minimum contacts are a nonresident civil defendant’s connections with the forum state (i.e., the state where the lawsuit is brought) that are sufficient for the forum state to assert personal jurisdiction over that defendant. Lack of minimum...
minority
The term "minority" typically refers to a group of people who have certain characteristics or attributes, immutable or not, that distinguish them from the majority of the population. These characteristics can include race, ethnicity, religion...