The United States Court of Federal Claims is a federal court of limited jurisdiction. The Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982 abolished the original Court of Claims and the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals and replaced those courts with the newly created United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the United States Court of Federal Claims.
The jurisdiction of the United States Court of Federal Claims is currently codified in 28 U.S.C. § 1491. The court generally has exclusive jurisdiction over most monetary claims against the United States in excess of $10,000 and has concurrent jurisdiction with United States District Courts for all claims $10,000 and below. The court is based in Washington, D.C. and consists of 16 judges appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for a period of 15 years.